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Cloud computing adoption decisions: a mixed-method approach to study the influencing factors and decision making process
(29-07-2016) Polyviou, Ariana; Πολυβίου, Αριάνα; Athens University of Economics and Business, Department of Management Science and Technology; Pramatari, Aikaterini; Kokkinaki, Aggeliki; Pouloudi, Nancy
This dissertation provides a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) approach for the investigation of cloud adoption decisions, spanning across two concurrent research streams, to address two complementary research questions. The first research question focuses on the cloud adoption decision-making process followed in organizations. The second research question focuses on the factors influencing cloud adoption when adopting cloud services in a specific business area. The two research questions build on the findings of two exploratory preliminary studies.The first research stream, represented by the main qualitative study of this dissertation, aims at analytically decomposing the cloud adoption decision making process into its constituent parts. It employs sense making theory as its lens and, by drawing on interviews with CIOs and CEOs/Directors, it theorizes the process of cloud adoption sense making as phases, cycles and features. The analysis of the data leads to the identification of these patterns followed by decision makers when considering cloud adoption. It also elaborates on the variations of the patterns for organizations of smaller size without an IT department and for the case of rejecting the cloud. The second research stream, represented by the main quantitative study, aims at investigating cloud adoption factors when cloud adoption concerns a specific business area. By employing the theories of diffusion of innovation and organizational capabilities, it formulates a research model examining the impact of cloud’s relative advantage and organizational innovativeness on the decision to adopt cloud when considering a specific business area of the organization. The findings of the study show that impact of factors such as ‘remote access’, ‘cost reduction’ and ‘personnel innovativeness’ on cloud adoption is significant whereas ‘security concerns’ and ‘managerial innovativeness’ are not statistically significant.
Core banking system transformation
(2022) Qyqia, Sara; Κύκια, Σάρα; Athens University of Economics and Business, Department of Management Science and Technology; Vrechopoulos, Adam; Fraidaki, Aikaterini; Pouloudi, Nancy
Today's era is characterized by widespread use of technology and digitization of services. In this aspect, businesses have been forced to review the way they operate in order to be able to respond to the rapid developments and ensure their survival. This trend could not leave unaffected the banks, which are being driven to modernize their IT systems. The modernization of information systems, although necessary, is a fairly expensive process that involves many challenges. The purpose of the dissertation was, through the use of a theoretical model, to study the reasons that lead a bank to change its central information system, the challenges and opportunities during this change, both theoretically and on a practical level and the comparison between theory and practice. Specifically, the project to change the central information system of one of the four systemic Greek banks was studied. The project is ongoing as it started in 2020 and is expected to be completed in 2025.The current dissertation, due to the detailed information it provides from within, can offer insight into the actions taken by a bank at a practical level. In addition, it can help consulting firms undertaking IT change projects.
The interplay of ICT innovation with state administrative tradition: evidence from the Greek taxation information system (TAXIS)
Prasopoulou, Elpida; Athens University of Economics and Business, Department of Management Science and Technology; Pouloudi, Nancy; Poulymenakou, Angeliki
This thesis examines the joint articulation of ICT innovation and state modernization in the public sector of late-development countries. These countries embark on ICT innovation projects in an effort to keep pace with the advances in early developers and improve their position on the development spectrum. The deployment of ICTs, as a trigger for deep changes in the institutional fabric of the government apparatus, places emphasis on the role of socio-economic context during the unraveling of ICT innovation. Moreover, it invites the examination of ICT innovation as a socio-technical phenomenon spanning multiple social orders. This approach has been used in the study of TAXIS, the first large-scale information system to be fully operational in the Greek public administration. TAXIS‟ implementation coincides with, eksynchronismos (i.e. modernization), an historical circumstance conducive of state reform and modernization. Thus, it provides an interesting juncture of ICT innovation, state modernization and socio-political transformations redirecting the development path of Greece. The specific socio-historical circumstances in tandem with the detours, negotiations and mechanisms deployed by political parties, as macro-actors, irreversibly shaped the way ICT innovation is perceived in the Greek administrative tradition. TAXIS became aligned with the modernization rhetoric to attract the necessary support for its successful implementation. At the same time, the government enrolled TAXIS, and subsequently ICT innovation, to its eksynchronismos project to stress its willingness to introduce change within the state apparatus . The alignment of TAXIS with the gist of modernization ensured the necessary political support for its successful implementation. TAXIS‟s roll out has been inextricably linked to the country's effort to meet the Maastricht criteria and join the European Monetary Union. This new understanding of ICT innovation attracted the interest of political parties, as dominant macro-actors in the Greek administrative tradition. Political parties rhetorically endorsed ICT innovation as a vehicle for tax reform. In parallel, however, they worked towards the preservation of their dominant role which could be potentially harmed by the new material practices and assumptions carried by ICT innovation. A close observation of parliamentary discussions shows that political parties never tackled the precise way tax policy would be formulated in the aftermath of ICT innovation. Following the separation of administrative and legal reform in the Napoleonic tradition, political parties perceived these issues as technical ones tackled at the project level. Moreover, political parties considered that their role, as dominant collective actors, in the process of ICT innovation, was to monitor the system's progress and ensure the necessary resources for its implementation. Upon system delivery, and once financial data would be available in digital format, the Ministry would have a clear and concise picture of state finances to proceed with changes at the legal framework. This process precluded the possibility for a new approach on the matter. The outcome was a concoction of novel practices and old visions which led to the equaling of ICT innovation with pre-existing legal concerns. Thus, TAXIS success was a micro-event. Its implementation managed to impose order over obsolete administrative operations. Nevertheless, the reduction of the administrative burden and the imposition of operational order were not the final objectives of TAXIS‟ implementation. Rationalization of state finances, through ICT innovation, was seen as the preamble for tax reform which ought to emanate out of the new, modern and technologically advanced processes of TAXIS. The Greek administrative tradition perceived state modernization as a two-stage project entailing, first, rationalization of administrative practices and, then, reform which remained a legal exercise. ICT innovation, in this sense, was perceived as the vehicle to pave the way for legal reform. These insights showcase the composite nature of ICT innovation, as well as the existence of dominant institutional actors that may neutralize ICT innovation by engulfing it in the maze of material practices that constitute the government apparatus. Thus, this thesis advocates for a layered view of ICT innovation which brings to the fore the reflexive nature of IT implementation as the negotiation space for local and imported practices and imageries.The thesis contributes to the study of ICT innovation by establishing a theoretical perspective that bridges micro-actions with macro-phenomena during ICT innovation. The concept of administrative tradition is introduced, as a theoretical framework, allowing for the joint articulation of the micro and macro levels of analysis and the identification of macro actors implicated in the clash of new and local institutions during ICT innovation. The thesis also proposes a critical examination of the constituent parts of ICT innovation. Late-developing countries, by whole-heartedly accepting ICT innovation, also accept a specific developmental path. Therefore, absence of critical discussion on ICT innovation essentially signifies uncritical acceptance of developmental choices that may not be appropriate for a country's specific needs.
Network ties, knowledge and best practice transfer in traditional and virtual benchmarking
Diamanti, Korina; Athens University of Economics and Business, Department of Management Science and Technology; Pouloudi, Nancy
This PhD thesis explores how knowledge on best practice transfers in benchmarking, traditional and virtual, and how various media affect the benchmarking process. More specifically, the research question is formulated as follows: “How is knowledge on best practice transferred during a benchmarking project? (a) What is the organizational context where the transfer takes place? What is the relationship formed between the benchmarking partners? What kind of network ties are developed? (b) What types of knowledge are transferred during the benchmarking process and how? (c) What is the role of media, such as ICT, in benchmarking and how does media richness influence the benchmarking process?” A revised classification of benchmarking types is proposed into: collaborative, cooperative, and competitive, which is based on the formation of network ties between the benchmarking partners. This reveals the potential relationship that the benchmarking partners are likely to have, as well as the potential technological infrastructure that is more likely to be used in each type. This classification also highlights the parallel, temporary, micro-organizational structure that is created between the benchmarking partners to support the transfer of best practices during a benchmarking project. Then, the benchmarking process is analyzed and a benchmarking process model is developed that focuses on the knowledge transfer stage between the partners. The types of knowledge that get transferred through benchmarking are considered and Polanyi’s view is adopted, according to which only explicit knowledge can get transferred. Explicit knowledge refers to knowledge that can be articulated, whether it already is or not. A conceptual model is developed based on knowledge types identified from the extant literature. Then, media richness theory is used to examine the transfer of knowledge on best practices. According to this, it is anticipated that information rich media are more suitable for transferring effectively not articulated, explicit knowledge in benchmarking, while information lean media are adequate for the effective transfer of explicit, already articulated knowledge in benchmarking. Effectiveness is considered in terms of the perceived success of knowledge transfer by the benchmarking team, based on whether most of the knowledge initially identified was finally transferred. A qualitative research methodology was chosen as it is most suitable for examining the complex patterns of knowledge transfer in the benchmarking process in relation to the context where it occurs. Multiple benchmarking projects are examined within the two public organizations. These involve a hospital – that has recently conducted two traditional benchmarking projects – and a public museum – that has recently conducted nine virtual benchmarking projects, two of which electronic. In the museum, high use of digital technology is observed – and in particular of digital camera – in all the benchmarking projects, combined with less than one day site visit to the benchmarking partner. A semi-structured interview agenda was used for the data collection, which lasted for more than one year in both organizations. Also observation was used in three projects of the museum. For the analysis of the cases, pattern matching was used. The thesis reveals how specialized knowledge gets transferred through benchmarking. In addition to the main knowledge transfer from the source to the recipient, an important second step of knowledge transfer is identified in the benchmarking process. This concerns the transfer of knowledge, acquired from the recipient, to other members of the benchmarking team, in order to analyze the findings for decision making. This step and its importance for the transfer of best practices – as different team members are involved – have not been highlighted in the benchmarking literature. Regarding the types of knowledge, tacit knowledge does not appear to get transferred in any benchmarking project. However, the findings indicate that all the other knowledge types, included in the conceptual model, get transferred in benchmarking. media richness, it is observed that the use of digital photographs enhances the acquisition of knowledge on best practices from other team members, in the second step of knowledge transfer identified. Additional explicit, not articulated knowledge is acquired through observation of the digital photographs by team members with different educational backgrounds. An implication of this study concerns revising the classification of rich and lean media based on their capacity to transfer different types of knowledge, as the combination of rich media ranks higher than face-to-face communication. This is because it supports the transfer of more specialized explicit knowledge that is not yet articulated back to the organization. The findings also indicate that in cooperative benchmarking projects, weak ties are formed between the benchmarking partners, while in competitive benchmarking projects, there are absent ties between the benchmarking partners. The association of cooperative and competitive benchmarking projects with weak and absent ties respectively is therefore supported. Future research should focus on testing further the weak ties theory with the benchmarking types that was associated in this study. Apart from examining the suggested association of collaborative benchmarking with strong network ties, further research should also focus on providing quantitative evidence on the suggested associations of all benchmarking types (collaborative, cooperative, and competitive) with network ties (strong, weak, and absent respectively). This will allow for establishing a solid theoretical basis for benchmarking. Moreover, future research should focus on exploring how knowledge transfers through benchmarking in private organizations. Although the benchmarking process is expected to be the same in the public and private sector, my research setting involved public, non profit organizations.